In this tutorial, we will look at how to check if a string in Python starts with a vowel or not with the help of some examples.
How to check if a string starts with a vowel character?
To check if a string in Python starts with a vowel or not, check if the first character in the string is a vowel using the membership operator in.
The membership operator in in Python, returns True if a value is in a collection (for example, a character is present in a string) and returns False otherwise.
So, use the membership operator in to check if the first character in the string (character at index 0) is one of the vowel characters or not. The following is the syntax –
# check if string starts with a vowel s[0].lower() in "aeiou"
Here, we use the string lower() function to make the vowel check case-insensitive. It returns True if the string starts with a vowel.
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Examples
Let’s now look at some examples. First, we will create some strings that we will use throughout this tutorial.
# create strings s1 = "apple" s2 = "banana" s3 = "$500" s4 = "" # display the strings print(s1) print(s2) print(s3) print(s4)
Output:
apple banana $500
Here, we created four strings – s1, s2, s3 and s4. The string s1 starts with a vowel, the string s2 does not start with a vowel, the string s3 starts with the special character '$' and the string s4 is an empty string.
Let’s now check if the strings s1, s2, and s3 start with a vowel or not.
# check if string starts wtih a vowel print(s1[0].lower() in "aeiou") print(s2[0].lower() in "aeiou") print(s3[0].lower() in "aeiou")
Output:
True False False
We get True for s1 as it does start with a vowel. We get False for s2 and s3 as they do not start with a vowel.
Now let’s apply the above method to the empty string, s4.
# check if string starts wtih a vowel print(s4[0].lower() in "aeiou")
Output:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [3], in <module>
1 # check if string starts wtih a vowel
----> 2 print(s4[0].lower() in "aeiou")
IndexError: string index out of range
We get an IndexError because we’re trying to access an index that does not exist (an empty string does not have a 0 index).
To avoid the above error, you can first check whether the string is non-empty and then proceed to check if the first character is a vowel or not. See the example below –
# function to check if string starts with a vowel
def check_str_starts_with_vowel(s):
if s and s[0].lower() in "aeiou":
return True
else:
return False
# check if string starts with a vowel
print(check_str_starts_with_vowel(s4))
Output:
False
We get False as the output for the empty string.
You might also be interested in –
- Python – Check If String starts with a Number
- Python – Check If String Starts with a Letter
- Python – Check If a Character Appears Twice in String
- Python – Check If String Contains Vowels
- Python – Check If String Contains Lowercase Letters
- Python – Check If String Contains Uppercase Letters
- Python String Uppercase – With Examples
- Python String Lowercase – With Examples
- Python – Capitalize First Letter of Each Word
- Python – Check If All Characters in String are Same
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